Documentation

    Amazon Web Services

    Microsoft Azure

    RapidAPI

    APILayer

Last Update: 2024-10-07

Ubuntu with GUI Desktop


Table of Content


Launch Ubuntu with GUI
Connect to GUI (RDP and VNC)
Connect to your instance via SSH
Deploy files on your VM remotely
Configure GUI
Troubleshooting

Launch Ubuntu with GUI

Navigate to our listing page on the AWS Marketplace and click 'Continue to Subscribe':

Ubuntu 18.04: https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/prodview-lqc7k3hreax6w
Ubuntu 20.04: https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/prodview-qwce5ssos754y
Ubuntu 22.04: https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/prodview-e4dtm6b2qku7q
Ubuntu 24.04: https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/pp/prodview-mbjgiwr4ojlac

On the subsequent page, review and accept our terms by selecting 'Accept Terms'.

Once the subscription process is complete, select 'Continue to Configuration'.

Choose the region where you wish to deploy the virtual machine, then click 'Continue to Launch'.

On the final page, select the instance type you wish to use (the recommended instance type is pre-selected) and review the other launch options. Then, click 'Launch'.

After launching, you can view your instance in the EC2 Management Console.

Connect to your Linux instance via RDP or VNC


Access the EC2 Management Console (ensure to be in the correct AWS region) to retrieve the public IP address of your virtual machine. For the VNC connection, use the instance ID as the password (e.g. i-0a85cdce733efbb08). The username to use is 'ubuntu'.

Open 'Remote Desktop Connection' and connect by using the public IP address of your virtual machine.

When prompted, enter 'ubuntu' as the username and the instance ID of your virtual machine as the password (please refer to the previous steps).

Connect to your VM via SSH


Please see the official documentation for detailed instructions on how to connect to a virtual machine with SSH.

Go to the EC2 Management Console and select the virtual machine to obtain its Public IPv4 address.

Open a Command Prompt / Terminal window and navigate to the directory where your created .pem key file is located. You can connect to your VM with the user 'ubuntu' by executing the following command:

ssh -i <name-of-key-file.pem> ubuntu@<public-ip>

Deploy files on your VM remotely

Download and install WinSCP or any other SCP client of your choice.

Choose 'SFTP' as the file protocol and enter the public IP address of your instance, along with the username you specified when launching the virtual machine.

Click on 'Advanced'.

In the left-side menu, select 'Authentication'. Under Authentication parameters, select the key file you created when you launched the virtual machine. When prompted, convert the .pem key file to PuTTY format.

Close the Authentication window by clicking on 'OK', and connect to the virtual machine by clicking on 'Login'.

Configure GUI

The script that launches the GUI on every reboot is centrally located at /home/start-gui.sh. You can configure it with:

nano /home/start-gui.sh

The script is executed by a cron job as the root user. You can modify the cron job with:

sudo crontab -e


Change Password for the GUI Session:

To change the password for the GUI session, edit the start-gui.sh file and modify the password variable as desired. Then, reboot the instance. Please note that the password for the GUI session is different from the password for the Linux user.


Use Another User for the GUI Session:

To use a different user for the GUI session, create a new user with:

sudo adduser guiuser

Then, add the user to the sudo group with:

sudo usermod -aG sudo guiuser

Next, edit the start-gui.sh file, change the username variable, and reboot the instance.

Troubleshooting

Resolving RDP/VNC Connection Issues

Potential solutions to resolve your connection issues are:

  • Ensure that you are using the correct login credentials. As outlined in our "Connect to GUI (RDP and VNC)" section above, the default username is "ubuntu" and the default password is your dedicated EC2 instance ID (which looks similar to "i-aaaabbbbccccdddd").
  • The GUI is designed to reconfigure and restart with every instance reboot. Please try restarting your instance to resolve any connection issues. If the connection issues persist and are not resolved by a reboot, you may need to consider deploying a new virtual machine.
  • Verify that your local network is not blocking access to ports 3389 (RDP) or 5901 (VNC). Corporate networks, in particular, tend to block these ports. Ensure that your internal network is not blocking these ports before attempting to connect to the instance GUI.

Resolving Copy & Paste Issues

You may experience issues with copying and pasting to and from the virtual machine. Ensure that your local RDP and VNC clients support clipboard sharing. If the keyboard shortcuts for copy and paste do not work, try using right-click to copy or right-click to paste.

Ubuntu 22.04 only: There is a known issue that prevents pasting from the local clipboard to the remote machine. If this affects you, please consider using our Ubuntu 20.04 or 24.04 with GUI options.

Installed Applications Not Shown

Sometimes, applications installed via Ubuntu's Snap package manager do not appear in the application list. To resolve this, execute the following command:

sudo cp /var/lib/snapd/desktop/applications/*.desktop /usr/share/applications/

The GUI Desktop Freezes

If your desktop environment gets stuck or freezes, ensure that your instance has sufficient memory. We recommend using an EC2 instance type with at least 4 GB of memory. Additionally, check if you are running low on available disk space, as this could also cause the GUI to freeze.

How can I cancel my subscription?

To cancel your subscription, follow these steps:

  1. Go to the AWS Marketplace Console at https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/library. Ensure that you are logged into the account that is subscribed to the product you want to cancel.
  2. Find the product you want to cancel and click on 'Manage.'
  3. Click on 'Actions' and then select 'Cancel subscription.'

For more detailed instructions, visit the AWS Marketplace Buyer Guide at https://docs.aws.amazon.com/marketplace/latest/buyerguide/cancel-subscription.html.